Soliton-fermion systems and stabilised vortex loops
Abstract
In several self-coupled quantum field theories when treated in semi-classical limit one obtains solitonic solutions determined by topology of the boundary conditions. Such solutions, e.g. magnetic monopole in unified theories Hooft1974 Polyakov1974 or the skyrme model of hadrons have been proposed as possible non-perturbative bound states which remain stable due to topological quantum numbers. Furthermore when fermions are introduced, under certain conditions one obtains zero-energy solutions Vega1978Jackiw1981 for the Dirac equations localised on the soliton. An implication of such zero-modes is induced fermion number Jackiw1977 carried by the soliton.
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