Upper and Lower Bounds on Gravitational Entropy

Abstract

The entropy in the interior of the Universe has many contributions including well understood ones from radiation and relic neutrinos. The gravitational entropy is larger and more subtle. One contribution which provides our lower bound is from supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies. The remainder is harder to pin down. We suggest an upper bound which is many orders of magnitude below the holographic bound yet above that of the supermassive black holes. We propose that gravitational entropy in dark matter halos is the largest contributor to the present entropy of the universe.