Stable, Accelerating Universes in Modified Gravity

Abstract

Modifications to gravity that add additional functions of the Ricci curvature to the Einstein-Hilbert action -- collectively known as $f(R)$ theories -- have been studied in great detail. When considered as complete theories of gravity they can generate non-perturbative deviations from the general relativistic predictions in the solar system, and the simplest models show instabilites on cosmological scales. Here we show that it is possible to treat $f(R)=R\pm\mu^4/R$ gravity in a perturbative fashion such that it shows no instabilities on cosmological scales and, in the solar system, is consistent with measurements of the PPN parameters. We show that such a theory produces a spatially flat, accelerating universe, even in the absence of dark energy and when the matter density is too small to close the universe in the general relativistic case.