Topological multicritical point in the Toric Code and 3D gauge Higgs Models
Abstract
We report a new type of multicritical point that arises from competition between the Higgs and confinement transitions in a Z2 gauge system. The phase diagram of the 3d gauge Higgs model has been obtained by Monte-Carlo simulation on large (up to 603) lattices. We find the transition lines continue as 2nd-order until merging into a 1st-order line. These findings pose the question of an effective field theory for a multicritical point involving noncommuting order parameters. A similar phase diagram is predicted for the 2-dimensional quantum toric code model with two external fields, hz and hx; this problem can be mapped onto an anisotropic 3D gauge Higgs model.
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