Motion of quantum particle in dilute Bose-Einstein condensate at zero temperature

Abstract

The motion of single quantum particle through Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is considered within perturbation theory with respect to the particle-BEC interaction. The Hamiltonian of BEC is diagonalized by means of Bogoliubov's method. The process of dissipation due to the creation of excitation in BEC is analyzed and the dissipation rate is calculated in the lowest order of perturbation theory. The Landau's criterion for energy dissipation in BEC is then recovered. The energy spectrum of the impurity particle due to the interaction with BEC and its effective mass are evaluated.