Differential systems with Fuchsian linear part: correction and linearization, normal forms and multiple orthogonal polynomials

Abstract

Differential systems with a Fuchsian linear part are studied in regions including all the singularities in the complex plane of these equations. Such systems are not necessarily analytically equivalent to their linear part (they are not linearizable) and obstructions are found as a unique nonlinear correction after which the system becomes formally linearizable. More generally, normal forms are found. The corrections and the normal forms are found constructively. Expansions in multiple orthogonal polynomials and their generalization to matrix-valued polynomials are instrumental to these constructions.