Gluonic vacuum, q-theory, and the cosmological constant
Abstract
In previous work, q-theory was introduced to describe the gravitating macroscopic behavior of a conserved microscopic variable q. In this article, the gluon condensate of quantum chromodynamics is considered in terms of q-theory. The remnant vacuum energy density (i.e., cosmological constant) of an expanding universe is estimated as KQCD3 / EPlanck2, with string tension KQCD ≈ (102 MeV)2 and gravitational scale EPlanck ≈ 1019 GeV. The only input for this estimate is general relativity, quantum chromodynamics, and the Hubble expansion of the present Universe.
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