Superfluid Component of Electromagnetic Field and New Fundamental Constant in The Nature
Abstract
First, the description of a quantization local electromagnetic field is proposed by presentation of quantum form of Maxwell equations in the vacuum which describes the electromagnetic field by the model of a Bose-gas consisting of the interacting fundamental neutral Bose-particles (light bosons) with spin one and a finite mass m. The later represents as a fundamental constant m=2.4 · 10-35 kg . The light bosons of electromagnetic field induce the Bose-excitations, which are the photon modes. In this letter, we show that the Bose gas of light bosons undergoes a phase transition at low temperatures to condition in which the zero-momentum quantum state is occupied by a finite fraction of the light bosons. This momentum-condensed phase represents as a superfluid component for electromagnetic field. The later is absent at the transition temperature, which is found in this letter.