Gobal entanglement and double occupancy in many-electron states

Abstract

The entanglement in many-electron states is investigated using a global entanglement measure, viz. average site mixedness. We have examined metallic states of noninteracting electrons, Nagaoka and Gutzwiller states of strongly-correlated electrons, and superconducting states. Uncorrelated metallic states at half filling seem to maximize entanglement, as these states optimize the number of holes, the number of doubly-occupied sites. Entanglement is calculated explicitly for Gutzwiller-projected many-electron states in one dimension, which have less entanglement as double occupancy is inhibited in these states. Entanglement in superconducting states, which tend to promote double occupancy, is calculated as a function of the energy gap, and found to be lower than the metallic state entanglement. There is a possibility of a regime with a nonzero single-site concurrence depending on the energy gap.