Mathematical pendulum and its variants

Abstract

In this paper we show that there are applications that transform the movement of a pendulum into movements in $\mathbb{R}^3$. This can be done using Euler top system of differential equations. On the constant level surfaces, Euler top system reduces to the equation of a pendulum. Those properties are also considered in the case of system of differential equations with delay argument and in the fractional case. Another aspect presented here is stochastic Euler top system of differential equations and stochastic pendulum.