Luttinger liquid of trimers in Fermi gases with unequal masses
Abstract
We investigate one dimensional attractive Fermi gases in spin-dependent optical lattices. We show that three-body bound states - "trimers" - exist as soon as the two tunneling rates are different. We calculate the binding energy and the effective mass of a single trimer. We then show numerically that for finite and commensurate densities n=n/2 an energy gap appears, implying that the gas is a one-component Luttinger liquid of trimers with suppressed superfluid ordering. The boundaries of this novel phase are given. We discuss experimental situations to test our predictions.
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