Approximate weak amenability of Banach algebras

Abstract

In this paper we deal with four generalized notions of amenability which are called approximate, approximate weak, approximate cyclic and approximate $n$-weak amenability. The first two were introduced and studied by Ghahramani and Loy in [9]. We introduce the third and fourth ones and we show by means of some examples, their distinction with their classic analogs. Our main result is that under some mild conditions on a given Banach algebra $\A$, if its second dual $\A^{**}$ is $(2n-1)$-weakly [respectively approximately/ approximately weakly/ approximately $n$-weakly] amenable, then so is $\A$. Also if $\A$ is approximately $(n+2)$-weakly amenable, then it is approximately $n$-weakly amenable. Moreover we show the relationship between approximate trace extension property and approximate weak [respectively cyclic] amenability. This answers question 9.1 of [9] for approximate weak and cyclic amenability.