Separability of N-particle Fermionic States for Arbitrary Partitions

Abstract

We present a criterion of separability for arbitrary s partitions of N-particle fermionic pure states. We show that, despite the superficial non-factorizability due to the antisymmetry required by the indistinguishability of the particles, the states which meet our criterion have factorizable correlations for a class of observables which are specified consistently with the states. The separable states and the associated class of observables share an orthogonal structure, whose non-uniqueness is found to be intrinsic to the multi-partite separability and leads to the non-transitivity in the factorizability in general. Our result generalizes the previous result obtained by Ghirardi et. al. [J. Stat. Phys. 108 (2002) 49] for the s = 2 and s = N case.