Spectroscopic test of Bose-Einstein statistics for photons
Abstract
Using Bose-Einstein-statistics-forbidden two-photon excitation in atomic barium, we have limited the rate of statistics-violating transitions, as a fraction of an equivalent statistics-allowed transition rate, to <4.0×10-11 at the 90% confidence level. This is an improvement of more than three orders of magnitude over the best previous result. Additionally, hyperfine-interaction enabling of the forbidden transition has been observed, to our knowledge, for the first time.
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