Constrained energy problems with external fields

Abstract

Given a positive definite kernel in a locally compact space, we study a minimal energy problem in the presence of an external field over the class of all nonnegative Radon measures that are supported by a given closed noncompact set, satisfy certain normalizing assumptions, and do not exceed a fixed measure serving as a constraint. Under general assumptions, we establish the existence of a minimizing measure and analyze its continuity properties in the weak* and strong topologies when the set and the constraint are both varied. We also give a description of the weighted potential of a minimizing measure and single out its characteristic properties. Such results are mostly new even for classical kernels, which is important in applications.