A characterization of freeness by invariance under quantum spreading

Abstract

We construct spaces of quantum increasing sequences, which give quantum families of maps in the sense of Soltan. We then introduce a notion of quantum spreadability for a sequence of noncommutative random variables, by requiring their joint distribution to be invariant under taking quantum subsequences. Our main result is a free analogue of a theorem of Ryll-Nardzewski: for an infinite sequence of noncommutative random variables, quantum spreadability is equivalent to free independence and identical distribution with respect to a conditional expectation.