Symmetry Content and Observation of Charged Collective Excitations for Graphene in Strong Magnetic Fields

Abstract

We show that graphene in a strong magnetic field with partially filled Landau levels sustains charged collective excitations, which are bound states of three-particle complexes. Some of these states are optically bright and may be detected in spectroscopy experiments, enhancing the current understanding of electron-electron interactions in graphene. The states can be classified using the geometrical symmetries - non-commutative magnetic translations and generalized rotations - in addition to the dynamical SU(4) symmetry in graphene. From the SU(4) symmetry point of view, such excitations are analogous to bound states of two quarks and one antiquark qqqbar with four flavors. We establish a flavor optical selection rule to identify the bright states for experimental studies.