Interpretation of the Dispersion of the Electron States of High-$T_{c}$ Cuprate Superconductors Based on the Theory of Topological Resonance

Abstract

The unusual dispersion of electron states in antinodal direction for $n_{h}\simeq\frac{1}{8}$ holes/copper is explained. In photoelectron excitations, transformations of the $\mathbf{k}$ space as a consequence of symmetry breaking proves to be an exceptional phenomenon distinctly reflected by the experiments. Paired photoelectron emissions are predicted that enable a new energetic upward shift termed as \emph{pair shake-up effect} which explains the experimentally observed sharp transition between non-dispersive and dispersive behaviour. The disappearance of antinodal states for $\mathbf{k}_{||}\epsilon[0,\pm \pi/2]$ is explained.