Homotopically equivalent simple loops on 2-bridge spheres in 2-bridge link complements (I)

Abstract

In this paper and its two sequels, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for two essential simple loops on a 2-bridge sphere in a 2-bridge link complement to be homotopic in the link complement. This paper treats the case when the 2-bridge link is a $(2,p)$-torus link, where more cases of homotopy arise, and its sequels will treat the remaining cases.