Hadron properties at finite temperature and density with two-flavor Wilson fermions

Abstract

Meson properties at finite temperature and density are studied in lattice QCD simulations with two-flavor Wilson fermions. For this purpose, we investigate screening masses of mesons in pseudo-scalar (PS) and vector (V) channels. The simulations are performed on $16^3\times 4$ lattice along the lines of constant physics at $m_{\rm PS}/m_{\rm V}|_{T=0}=0.65$ and 0.80, where $m_{\rm PS}/m_{\rm V}|_{T=0}$ is a ratio of meson masses in PS and V channels at $T=0$. A temperature range is $T/T_{\rm pc}=(0.8 - 4.0)$, where $T_{\rm pc}$ is the pseudo-critical temperature. We find that the temperature dependence of the screening masses normalized by temperature, $M_0/T$, shows notable structure around $T_{\rm pc}$, and approach $2\pi$ at high temperature in both channels, which is consistent with twice the thermal mass of a free quark in high temperature limit. The screening masses at low density are also investigated by using the Taylor expansion method with respect to the quark chemical potential. We find that the expansion coefficients in the leading order become positive in the temperature range, and thermal and density effect on the meson screening-masses becomes apparent in the quark-gluon plasma phase. The meson screening-masses are also compared with the gluon (Debye) screening masses at finite temperature and density.