Optimization of electron pumping by harmonic mixing

Abstract

For a symmetric bridge coupled to infinite leads, in the presence of a dipole-coupled external ac-field with harmonic mixing, we solve the Schr\"odinger equation in the time-domain using open boundary conditions as well as in the energy-domain using Floquet scattering theory. As this potential breaks parity and generalized parity, we find a non-vanishing average current. We then optimize the relative amplitude ratio between the fundamental and the second harmonic leading to a maximum in the pump current.