Fractional quantization of the ballistic conductance in electron and hole systems
Abstract
In the present article we give a brief overview of the theories of the 0.7 anomaly of the ballistic conductance. The special attantion is given to the concept of a fractional quantization of the ballistic conductance arising from exchange interaction of the Heisenberg type between the carrier localized in the region of the quantum point contact and freely propagating carriers in electron and hole systems. ----- Brotask\"ommtun skotleininnar \'i einv\'ium rafeinda og holukerfum \'I grein essari verur sk\"ommtun skotleininnar \'i einv\'ium kerfum \'utsk\'yr og fari yfir n\'yjustu og helstu fril\'ik\"on \'a svii 0,7 fr\'aviksins og tengdra fyrirbriga \'i einv\'ium rafeinda og holukerfum. Vi kynnum hugmynd okkar um a brotask\"ommtun skotleininnar leii af Heisenberg skiptaverkun milli stabundins rafbera \'i skammtapunktsnertunni og frj\'alsra leinirafbera og s\'ynum fram \'a a hegun leininnar er eigindlega \'ol\'ik milli rafeinda og holukerfa.
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