Tomonaga's Conjecture on Photon Self-Energy

Abstract

We investigate Tomonaga's conjecture that the self-energy of photon should vanish to zero. In fact, the contribution of photon's self-energy diagram violates the Lorentz invariance and therefore it is unphysical. In addition, there occurs no wave function renormalization of photon in the exact Lippmann-Schwinger equation for the vector potential and this confirms that the conjecture is correct. Further, it is shown that the gauge condition $ k_\mu \Pi^{\mu \nu}(k) =0$ of the vacuum polarization tensor does not hold and the relation is obtained simply due to a mathematical mistake in replacing the integration variables in the infinite integral.