Majorana Fermions in Proximity-coupled Topological Insulator Nanowires

Abstract

A topological insulator nanowire, proximity-coupled to an ordinary bulk s-wave superconductor and subject to a longitudinal applied magnetic field, is shown to realize a one-dimensional topological superconductor with unpaired Majorana fermions localized at both ends. This situation occurs under a wide range of conditions and constitutes what is possibly the most easily accessible physical realization of the elusive Majorana particles in a solid-state system.