Visibilities and bolometric corrections for stellar oscillation modes observed by Kepler

Abstract

Kepler produces a large amount of data used for asteroseismological analyses, particularly of solar-like stars and red giants. The mode amplitudes observed in the Kepler spectral band have to be converted into bolometric amplitudes to be compared to models. We give a simple bolometric correction for the amplitudes of radial modes observed with Kepler, as well as the relative visibilities of non-radial modes. We numerically compute the bolometric correction c_{K-bol} and mode visibilities for different effective temperatures Teff within the range 4000-7500 K, using a similar approach to a recent one from the literature (Michel et al. 2009, A&A 495, 979). We derive a law for the correction to bolometric values: c_{K-bol} = 1 + a_1 (Teff-To) + a_2 (Teff-To)^2, with To = 5934 K, a_1 = 1.349e-4 K^{-1}, and a_2 = -3.120e-9 K^{-2} or, alternatively, as the power law c_{K-bol} = (Teff/To)^alpha with alpha = 0.80. We give tabulated values for the mode visibilities based on limb-darkening (LD), computed from ATLAS9 model atmospheres for Teff in [4000,7500] K, log g in [2.5,4.5], and [M/H] in [-1.0,+1.0]. We show that using LD profiles already integrated over the spectral band provides quick and good approximations for visibilities. We point out the limits of these classical visibility estimations.