Gauge Invariance and the Goldstone Theorem

Abstract

This manuscript was originally created for and printed in the "Proceedings of seminar on unified theories of elementary particles" held in Feldafing Germany from July 5 to 16 1965 under the auspices of the Max-Planck-Institute for Physics and Astrophysics in Munich. It details and expands upon the Guralnik, Hagen, and Kibble paper that shows that the Goldstone theorem does not require physical zero mass particles in gauge theories and provides an example through the model which has become the template for the unified electroweak theory and a main component of the Standard Model.