Ground-state phases of ultracold bosons with Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling

Abstract

We study ultracold bosons in three dimensions with an anisotropic Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling. We first carry out the exact summation of ladder diagrams for the two-boson t-matrix at zero energy. Then, with the t-matrix as the effective interaction, we find the ground-state phase diagrams of bosons in mean field as a function of the spin-orbit coupling, the anisotropy, and the scattering lengths between particles in the same and in different pseudospin states. The resulting phase diagrams have much richer structures than those obtained using mean-field couplings, exhibiting three different phases: a plane-wave condensate, a striped condensate, and an unstable phase. The differences between the present approach using the t-matrix compared to using mean-field couplings is significant for large scattering lengths, large spin-orbit-coupling strength, or small anisotropy.