Giant improper ferroelectricity in the ferroaxial magnet CaMn7O12
Abstract
In rhombohedral CaMn7O12, an improper ferroelectric polarization of magnitude 2870 μC m-2 is induced by an incommensurate helical magnetic structure that evolves below TN1 = 90 K. The electric polarization was found to be constrained to the high symmetry three-fold rotation axis of the crystal structure, perpendicular to the in-plane rotation of the magnetic moments. The multiferroicity is explained by the ferroaxial coupling mechanism, which in CaMn7O12 gives rise to the largest magnetically induced, electric polarization measured to date.
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