Longitudinal polariton condensation and superradiant emission in semiconductor edge-emitting laser structures

Abstract

We show that superradiant emission (SR) in semiconductor laser diode structures is governed by the master equation of the form of Ginzburg-Landau equation or Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a phase transition to coherent matter state. We conjectured condensation of one-dimensional longitudinal lower polaritons with effective mass of 10$^{-11}$ the mass of free electron. Two different regimes of SR emission and polariton condensation are predicted, one of which exhibits some characteristic features of the Dicke superradiance in atomic gases. The predictions of analytic model are confirmed by the results of numerical simulations based on Maxwell-Bloch equations, utilizing InGaN/GaN heterostructure quantum well as a model system.