Analytic quasi-periodic Schr\"odinger operators and rational frequency approximants

Abstract

Consider a quasi-periodic Schr\"odinger operator $H_{\alpha,\theta}$ with analytic potential and irrational frequency $\alpha$. Given any rational approximating $\alpha$, let $S_+$ and $S_-$ denote the union, respectively, the intersection of the spectra taken over $\theta$. We show that up to sets of zero Lebesgue measure, the absolutely continuous spectrum can be obtained asymptotically from $S_-$ of the periodic operators associated with the continued fraction expansion of $\alpha$. This proves a conjecture of Y. Last in the analytic case. Similarly, from the asymptotics of $S_+$, one recovers the spectrum of $H_{\alpha,\theta}.$