Fundamental Principles of Theoretical Physics and Concepts of Quantum Protectorate and Emergence

Abstract

A concise survey of the advanced unifying ideas of modern physics, namely, spontaneous symmetry breaking, quasiaverages, quantum protectorate and emergence was presented. The interrelation of the concepts of symmetry breaking, quasiaverages and quantum protectorate was analyzed in the context of quantum theory and statistical physics. The main aim of this analysis was to demonstrate the connection and interrelation of these conceptual advances of the many-body physics and to try to show explicitly that those concepts, though different in details, have a certain common features. Some problems in the field of statistical physics of complex materials and systems e.g. foundation of the microscopic theory of magnetism and superconductivity were pointed in relation to these ideas.