Ferromagnetism and orbital order in a topological ferroelectric

Abstract

We explore via density functional calculations the magnetic doping of a topological ferroelectric as an unconventional route to multiferroicity. Vanadium doping of the layered perovskite La$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ largely preserves electric polarization and produces robust ferromagnetic order, hence proper multiferroicity. The marked tendency of dopants to cluster into chains results in an insulating character at generic doping. Ferromagnetism stems from the symmetry breaking of the multi-orbital V system via an unusual "antiferro"-orbital order, and from the host's low-symmetry layered structure.