Non-equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relation from holography

Abstract

We derive a non-equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relation for bosonic correlation functions from holography in the classical gravity approximation at strong coupling. This generalizes the familiar thermal fluctuation-dissipation relation in absence of external sources. This also holds universally for any non-equilibrium state which can be obtained from a stable thermal equilibrium state in perturbative derivative (hydrodynamic) and amplitude (non-hydrodynamic) expansions. Therefore, this can provide a strong experimental test for the applicability of the holographic framework. We discuss how it can be tested in heavy ion collisions. We also make a conjecture regarding multi-point holographic non-equilibrium Green's functions.