On an ideal of multisymmetric polynomials associated with perfect cuboids

Abstract

A perfect Euler cuboid is a rectangular parallelepiped with integer edges, with integer face diagonals, and with integer space diagonal as well. Finding such parallelepipeds or proving their non-existence is an old unsolved mathematical problem. Algebraically the problem is described by a system of Diophantine equations. Symmetry approach to the cuboid problem is based on the natural $S_3$ symmetry of its Diophantine equations. Factorizing these equations with respect to their $S_3$ symmetry, one gets some certain ideal within the ring of multisymmetric polynomials. In the present paper this ideal is completely calculated and presented through its basis.