Formation and control of wrinkles in graphene by the wedging transfer method

Abstract

We study the formation of wrinkles in graphene upon wet transfer onto a target substrate, whereby draining of water appears to play an important role. We are able to control the orientation of the wrinkles by tuning the surface morphology. Wrinkles are absent in flakes transferred to strongly hydrophobic substrates, a further indication of the role of the interaction of water with the substrate in wrinkle formation. The electrical and structural integrity of the graphene is not affected by the wrinkles, as inferred from Raman measurements and electrical conductivity measurements.