Statistical theory of perturbation waves in transport phenomena and its experimental verification

Abstract

In transport phenomena, perturbation waves are a result of interaction of molecules in gases and liquids, charged particles (ions, electrons) in plasma, conduction electrons and phonons in solid bodies. General statistical theory of the perturbation waves is developed and its corollaries are studied. On this basis is proved universality of introduced earlier local time concept, which leads to a formulation of kinetic, conservation and governing equations for macroscopic transport phenomena with finite speed of the perturbations propagation in gases, liquids, solids and plasma. Speed of thermal perturbations propagation in phonon and Fermi electron gases and plasma, and also speed of thermal, momentum and mass perturbations propagation in ideal gas are theoretically determined. It is shown that published experimental results for femtosecond laser heating of thin gold films and results of power modulation experiments in JET tokamak agree with the developed theory.