Characteristic Lie rings and symmetries of differential Painlev\'e I and Painlev\'e III equations

Abstract

Two-component hyperbolic system of equations generated by ordinary differential Painlev\'e I \[ u_{yy}=6u^2+y \] and Painlev\'e III \[ yuu_{yy}=yu^2_{y}-uu_y+\delta y+\beta u+\alpha u^3 +\gamma yu^4 \] equations are considered, where $\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta$ are complex numbers. The structure of characteristic Lie rings is studied and higher symmetries of Lie-B\"acklund are obtained.