Constraints on Yield Parameters in Extended Maximum Likelihood Fits

Abstract

The method of extended maximum likelihood is a well known concept of parameter estimation. One can implement external knowledge on the unknown parameters by multiplying the likelihood by constraint terms. In this note, we emphasize that this is also true for yield parameters in an extended maximum likelihood fit, which is widely used in the particle physics community. We recommend a way to generate pseudo-experiments in presence of constraint terms on yield parameters, and point to pitfalls inside the RooFit framework.