Explicit formulas using partitions of integers for numbers defined by recursion

Abstract

In this article we obtain an explicit formula in terms of the partitions of the positive integer $n$ to express the $n$-th term of a wide class of sequences of numbers defined by recursion. Our proof is based only on arithmetics. We compare our result with similar formulas obtained with different approaches already in the XIX century. Examples are given for Bernoulli, Euler and Fibonacci numbers.