The coloring game on matroids

Abstract

A coloring of the ground set of a matroid is proper if elements of the same color form an independent set. For a loopless matroid $M$, its chromatic number $\chi (M)$ is the minimum number of colors in a proper coloring. In this note we study a game-theoretic variant of this parameter. Suppose that Alice and Bob alternately properly color the ground set of a matroid $M$ using a fixed set of colors. The game ends when the whole matroid has been colored, or if they arrive to a partial coloring that cannot be further properly extended. Alice wins in the first case, while Bob in the second. The game chromatic number of $M$, denoted by $\chi_{g}(M)$, is the minimum size of the set of colors for which Alice has a winning strategy. Clearly, $\chi_{g}(M)\geq\chi (M)$. We prove an upper bound $\chi_{g}(M)\leq 2\chi (M)$ for every matroid $M$. This improves and extends a result of Bartnicki, Grytczuk and Kierstead, who showed that $\chi_{g}(M)\leq 3\chi (M)$ holds for graphic matroids. Our bound is almost tight, as we construct a family of matroids $M_k$ (for $k\geq 3$) satisfying $\chi (M_k)=k$ and $\chi_{g}(M_k)=2k-1$.