Decay of Persistent Spin Helix due to the Spin Relaxation at Boundaries

Abstract

We study electron spin relaxation in one-dimensional structures of finite length in the presence of Bychkov-Rashba spin-orbit coupling and boundary spin relaxation. Using a spin kinetic equation approach, we formulate boundary conditions for the case of a partial spin polarization loss at the boundaries. These boundary conditions are used to derive corresponding boundary conditions for spin drift-diffusion equation. The later is solved analytically for the case of relaxation of a homogeneous spin polarization in 1D finite length structures. It is found that the spin relaxation consists of three stages (in some cases, two) -- an initial D'yakonov-Perel' relaxation is followed by spin helix formation and its subsequent decay. Analytical expressions for the decay time are found. We support our analytical results by results of Monte Carlo simulations.