Rank gradients of infinite cyclic covers of 3-manifolds
Abstract
Given a 3-manifold M with no spherical boundary components, and a primitive class φ in H1(M;Z), we show that the following are equivalent: (1) φ is a fibered class, (2) the rank gradient of (M,φ) is zero, (3) the Heegaard gradient of (M,φ) is zero.
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