Quantum metrology with open dynamical systems

Abstract

This paper studies quantum limits to dynamical sensors in the presence of decoherence. A modified purification approach is used to obtain tighter quantum detection and estimation error bounds for optical phase sensing and optomechanical force sensing. When optical loss is present, these bounds are found to obey shot-noise scalings for arbitrary quantum states of light under certain realistic conditions, thus ruling out the possibility of asymptotic Heisenberg error scalings with respect to the average photon flux under those conditions. The proposed bounds are expected to be approachable using current quantum optics technology.