Incomplete exponential sums over exponential functions

Abstract

We extend some methods of bounding exponential sums of the type $\displaystyle\sum_{n\le N}e^{2\pi iag^n/p}$ to deal with the case when $g$ is not necessarily a primitive root. We also show some recent results of Shkredov concerning additive properties of multiplicative subgroups imply new bounds for the sums under consideration.