Digraph functors which admit both left and right adjoints

Abstract

For our purposes, two functors {\Lambda} and {\Gamma} are said to be respectively left and right adjoints of each other if for any digraphs G and H, there exists a homomorphism of {\Lambda}(G) to H if and only if there exists a homomorphism of G to {\Gamma}(H). We investigate the right adjoints characterised by Pultr in [A. Pultr, The right adjoints into the categories of relational systems, in Reports of the Midwest Category Seminar, IV, volume 137 of Lecture Notes in Mathematics, pages 100-113, Berlin, 1970]. We find necessary conditions for these functors to admit right adjoints themselves. We give many examples where these necessary conditions are satisfied, and the right adjoint indeed exists. Finally, we discuss a connection between these right adjoints and homomorphism dualities.