Natural Emergence of Cosmological Constant and Dark Radiation from Stephenson-Kilmister-Yang-Camenzind Theory of Gravity

Abstract

We show that the Stephenson-Kilmister-Yang (SKY) equation combined with Camenzind's matter current term naturally provides the cosmological constant and dark radiation as integration constants of the SKYC field equation. To characterize the property of the dark radiation, we develop a method to separate it from the ordinary radiation. We found a special property of Camenzind's matter current, namely that the solution space for radiation in fact belongs to that of the vacuum solution of SKY equation. We also found that his matter current does not obey the conservation condition suggested by Kilmister. Finally, we discuss the possible role of dark radiation emergent from the SKYC theory in recent cosmic-microwave-background observations and its implications to the inflation scenario.