Bounds on Surface Stress Driven Shear Flow

Abstract

The background method is adapted to derive rigorous limits on surface speeds and bulk energy dissipation for shear stress driven flow in two and three dimensional channels. By-products of the analysis are nonlinear energy stability results for plane Couette flow with a shear stress boundary condition: when the applied stress is gauged by a dimensionless Grashoff number $Gr$, the critical $Gr$ for energy stability is 139.5 in two dimensions, and 51.73 in three dimensions. We derive upper bounds on the friction (a.k.a. dissipation) coefficient $C_f = \tau/\bar{u}^2$, where $\tau$ is the applied shear stress and $\bar{u}$ is the mean velocity of the fluid at the surface, for flows at higher $Gr$ including developed turbulence: $C_f le 1/32$ in two dimensions and $C_f \le 1/8$ in three dimensions. This analysis rigorously justifies previously computed numerical estimates.