Multiphoton-double-ionization probability linearly depends on laser intensity: Experimental studies of barium

Abstract

Despite inherently complex multiphoton dynamics, our observations show that Ba double ionization with an infrared laser (8800-8920 cm^{-1}) resembles a single-photon process; namely, its probability is proportional to the laser intensity. In this regime, single-electron ionization is due to a four-photon resonant transition through the highly perturbed state 6p^2 1D_2, whereas double ionization is realized by the two-electron mechanism. Furthermore, we argue that these conclusions are valid for other alkaline-earth-metal atoms and other parameters of laser radiation.