CP and CPT Violating Parameters Determined from the Joint Decays of $C=+1$ Entangled Neutral Pseudoscalar Mesons

Abstract

Entangled pseudoscalar neutral meson pairs have been used in studying CP violation and searching CPT violation, but almost all the previous works concern $C=-1$ entangled state. Here we consider $C=+1$ entangled state of pseudoscalar neutral mesons, which is quite different from $C=-1$ entangled state and provides complementary information on symmetry violating parameters. After developing a general formalism, we consider three kinds of decay processes, namely, semileptonic-semileptonic, hadronic-hadronic and semileptonic-hadronic processes. For each kind of processes, we calculate the integrated rates of joint decays with a fixed time interval, as well as asymmetries defined for these joint rates of different channels. In turn, these asymmetries can be used to determine the four real numbers of the two indirect symmetry violating parameters, based on a general relation between the symmetry violating parameters and the decay asymmetries presented here. Various discussions are made on indirect and direct violations and the violation of $\Delta {\cal F} =\Delta Q$ rule, with some results presented as theorems.