Laurent biorthogonal polynomials, q-Narayana polynomials and domino tilings of the Aztec diamonds

Abstract

A T\"oplitz determinant whose entries are described by a q-analogue of the Narayana polynomials is evaluated by means of Laurent biorthogonal polynomials which allow of a combinatorial interpretation in terms of Schr\"oder paths. As an application, a new proof is given to the Aztec diamond theorem by Elkies, Kuperberg, Larsen and Propp concerning domino tilings of the Aztec diamonds. The proof is based on the correspondence with non-intersecting Schr\"oder paths developed by Eu and Fu.